Research & Evidence-Based Medicine

20 learning units • 100 chapter sections • 200 explained questions. Build a question, judge the evidence and connect the answer with the person receiving care.

Original RAHBAR study material for the Year 3 learning pathway. Educational examples support supervised learning; institutional research and clinical requirements still apply. References & further reading ↓

MODULE 17 / 20

Research Ethics, Consent & Protocols

Plan scientifically worthwhile research with independent oversight and respect for the people whose participation makes it possible.

Choose an answer and check it immediately. Change your choice to try again. This is a self-study exercise; results are not saved.

Question 01. Why is scientific validity an ethical concern? A. Any research question justifies any burdenB. An uninformative study can expose participants to burdens without useful knowledgeC. Ethics begins only after publicationD. Good intentions replace study design

Question 02. What best describes informed consent? A. An ongoing understandable voluntary processB. A signature obtained without explanationC. Mandatory participation in routine careD. Approval by the researcher alone

Question 03. When should required ethics approval be obtained? A. After favourable results appearB. Before starting recruitment and study proceduresC. Only after a journal accepts the paperD. After all identifiers have been shared

Question 04. What is therapeutic misconception? A. Confusing research participation with personalised clinical careB. Understanding that participation is voluntaryC. Knowing the comparison groupD. Receiving a clear consent explanation

Question 05. What is true of pseudonymised data? A. They may be re-linked using additional informationB. They are always fully anonymousC. They require no access controlsD. They cannot contain sensitive information

Question 06. What should happen to a necessary protocol amendment? A. Hide it from the study recordB. Rewrite the original dateC. Apply it only to favourable outcomesD. Document it and obtain required review before implementation, except approved urgent safety procedures

Question 07. Why is prospective trial registration useful? A. It guarantees the trial is unbiasedB. It makes planned methods and outcomes visible before resultsC. It replaces consentD. It proves the intervention works

Question 08. A teacher invites students into their own study. What needs particular attention? A. Perceived pressure and freedom to declineB. Only the classroom sizeC. Making participation affect gradesD. Removing the consent information

Question 09. Who can independently invent a consent waiver for a student project? A. Any student who thinks it convenientB. Any class representativeC. No student; the applicable review and approval framework must be followedD. Any participant’s friend without authority

Question 10. What is a sound approach to collecting identifiers? A. Collect everything for possible future useB. Collect only those justified and protect accessC. Publish all names in the resultsD. Store identifiers in every public analysis table

0 / 10 answeredReady for assessment →

References & Further Reading

Use the full methods and relevant chapters when appraising a paper. These sources support further study; the examples and questions above are original teaching exercises.

Reference review: 25 September 2026. Consult current institutional guidance for project approval and clinical decisions.