Research & Evidence-Based Medicine

20 learning units • 100 chapter sections • 200 explained questions. Build a question, judge the evidence and connect the answer with the person receiving care.

Original RAHBAR study material for the Year 3 learning pathway. Educational examples support supervised learning; institutional research and clinical requirements still apply. References & further reading ↓

MODULE 18 / 20

Analysis, Reporting & Research Integrity

Choose an analysis that matches the design and make the full path from data to conclusion transparent.

Answer all 10 questions, then submit to see your score and explanations. This is a self-study exercise; results are not saved.

Question 01. Before-and-after scores from the same people require attention to what? A. Assuming all observations are independentB. Pairing and within-person dependenceC. Treating the two measurements as different populationsD. Ignoring the baseline score

Question 02. Which model commonly addresses a binary outcome? A. A histogram aloneB. A simple participant flow diagramC. Logistic regressionD. A Kaplan-Meier estimate of a continuous score

Question 03. What does an exponentiated logistic coefficient usually represent? A. An odds ratio conditional on the modelB. Always a risk ratioC. An absolute risk reduction directlyD. A number needed to treat directly

Question 04. What should a report explain about missing data? A. Only that a computer was usedB. Nothing if the sample is largeC. Only the number of authors affectedD. Amount, pattern, reasons and handling assumptions

Question 05. Does imputation recover the true missing observations with certainty? A. Yes, alwaysB. Yes, if decimals are reportedC. Only if the title says prospectiveD. No, it relies on assumptions and uncertainty

Question 06. Which guideline is associated with randomised trial reporting? A. STROBE aloneB. STARD aloneC. CONSORTD. PRISMA alone

Question 07. Which guideline is associated with systematic review reporting? A. CONSORT aloneB. STARD aloneC. PRISMAD. A drug formulary

Question 08. Which action is fabrication? A. Correcting a documented transcription errorB. Reporting an inconclusive resultC. Inventing participants and measurementsD. Citing a source accurately

Question 09. What should happen after discovering a material error in a published analysis? A. Conceal it if the conclusion is popularB. Seek a transparent correction through appropriate channelsC. Delete the original data secretlyD. Change the registration date

Question 10. What does following a reporting checklist establish? A. Guaranteed freedom from biasB. Guaranteed ethical approvalC. Guaranteed clinical benefitD. Better transparency if applied properly

0 / 10 answered

References & Further Reading

Use the full methods and relevant chapters when appraising a paper. These sources support further study; the examples and questions above are original teaching exercises.

Reference review: 25 September 2026. Consult current institutional guidance for project approval and clinical decisions.