Research & Evidence-Based Medicine

20 learning units • 100 chapter sections • 200 explained questions. Build a question, judge the evidence and connect the answer with the person receiving care.

Original RAHBAR study material for the Year 3 learning pathway. Educational examples support supervised learning; institutional research and clinical requirements still apply. References & further reading ↓

MODULE 06 / 20

Descriptive Statistics & Graphs

Summarise distributions faithfully before testing hypotheses or interpreting associations.

Answer all 10 questions, then submit to see your score and explanations. This is a self-study exercise; results are not saved.

Question 01. What is the median of 1, 2, 2, 3 and 12? A. 4B. 5C. 12D. 2

Question 02. What is the mean of 1, 2, 2, 3 and 12? A. 2B. 3C. 12D. 4

Question 03. Which summary is often useful for strongly right-skewed admission duration? A. Median and interquartile rangeB. Mean alone with no spreadC. A pie chart of individual durationsD. Standard error alone

Question 04. What does standard deviation describe? A. Probability the null hypothesis is trueB. The study response rateC. Spread of individual observationsD. The absolute treatment benefit

Question 05. Which graph best shows two numerical variables together? A. ScatterplotB. A single category pie chartC. An unlabelled flowchartD. A recruitment diagram

Question 06. Forty of fifty assessed patients improved. What is the assessed proportion? A. 80%B. 40%C. 50%D. 20%

Question 07. Which graph most directly displays the distribution of a continuous variable? A. HistogramB. Participant flow diagramC. Single text labelD. Forest plot of different trials only

Question 08. What should accompany a reported percentage? A. Counts and a defined denominatorB. Only a decorative iconC. Only the largest observed valueD. No information about missing data

Question 09. What is the first response to an implausible outlier? A. Delete it to improve the p-valueB. Check the source and measurement processC. Replace it with the desired meanD. Declare the whole dataset normal

Question 10. What can a truncated bar-chart axis do? A. Exaggerate apparent differencesB. Guarantee a correct causal conclusionC. Remove all missing valuesD. Increase the actual sample size

0 / 10 answered

References & Further Reading

Use the full methods and relevant chapters when appraising a paper. These sources support further study; the examples and questions above are original teaching exercises.

Reference review: 25 September 2026. Consult current institutional guidance for project approval and clinical decisions.