Surgery Practice

20 learning units • 10 questions per unit • 200 explained questions

Module 04 — Fluids, Electrolytes & Surgical Nutrition

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Question 01 • Single best answer

Which patient chiefly needs replacement of abnormal ongoing losses?

A. A stable patient drinking normally B. A patient with no losses and normal intake C. A patient with a high-output ileostomy D. A patient with an isolated healed scar

Question 02 • Single best answer

Prolonged vomiting commonly promotes which pattern?

A. Isolated respiratory alkalosis in every case B. Unavoidable hypercalcemia C. Chloride depletion with metabolic alkalosis D. Permanent polycythemia

Question 03 • Single best answer

Which loss can contribute to metabolic acidosis?

A. Hair shedding B. Sweat-free rest C. Loss of gastric acid alone D. Bicarbonate-rich diarrheal fluid

Question 04 • Single best answer

What is essential before potassium replacement?

A. Assume all patients excrete normally B. Ignore the ECG when symptomatic C. Assess renal function, potassium level and clinical context D. Use the same plan for every patient

Question 05 • Single best answer

New crackles and breathlessness develop during fluid therapy. What is appropriate?

A. Continue unchanged without review B. Reassess for overload and other respiratory causes C. Assume improved hydration is always beneficial D. Stop all observations

Question 06 • Single best answer

Which is a possible non-volume cause of postoperative oliguria?

A. A preferred sleeping position alone B. A healed skin incision C. Hair loss D. Urinary obstruction

Question 07 • Single best answer

Which feeding route is generally considered when the gut works but oral intake is inadequate?

A. Enteral nutrition B. Automatic lifelong parenteral nutrition C. No nutrition until discharge D. Intramuscular nutrition

Question 08 • Single best answer

Which finding raises nutritional concern before major surgery?

A. Stable function and adequate intake B. An unchanged shoe size C. A normal appetite alone D. Unintentional weight loss with poor intake

Question 09 • Single best answer

Which electrolyte disturbance is characteristic of refeeding syndrome?

A. Isolated hypernatremia in all cases B. Hypophosphatemia C. Persistent hypercalcemia in every case D. No electrolyte change

Question 10 • Single best answer

Which measure improves the accuracy of fluid review?

A. Including oral intake, infusions and measured stoma losses B. Recording only one intravenous bag C. Ignoring drain output D. Copying yesterday’s balance