Medicine Practice

20 learning units • 10 questions per unit • 200 explained questions

Module 10 — Fluids, Electrolytes & Acid-Base Reasoning

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Question 01 • Single best answer

What should accompany an intravenous fluid prescription?

A. An instruction to continue forever B. No attention to cardiac function C. A rule that all patients receive the same amount D. A monitoring and reassessment plan

Question 02 • Single best answer

What does serum sodium mainly describe?

A. The relationship of water to exchangeable solute B. Total body sodium alone C. Kidney size directly D. Total blood volume exactly

Question 03 • Single best answer

What can overly rapid correction of chronic hyponatremia cause?

A. Osmotic demyelination B. Guaranteed faster recovery without risk C. Immediate cure of every cause D. Permanent immunity to seizures

Question 04 • Single best answer

Does a normal ECG exclude danger from severe hyperkalemia?

A. No B. Yes C. Yes if no chest pain D. Yes after one pulse check

Question 05 • Single best answer

Why consider hemolysis in a high potassium sample?

A. It proves every elevation is false B. It can produce a misleading elevation C. It eliminates the need for urgent assessment D. It always lowers potassium

Question 06 • Single best answer

Which process raises carbon dioxide as the primary acid-base disturbance?

A. Primary metabolic alkalosis B. Respiratory acidosis C. Pure metabolic acidosis only D. Isolated low albumin

Question 07 • Single best answer

What is the main biochemical change in metabolic acidosis?

A. Reduced bicarbonate B. Increased bicarbonate in every case C. Reduced carbon dioxide as the primary cause D. Unchanged pH in every case

Question 08 • Single best answer

Na is 140, chloride 104 and bicarbonate 16 mmol/L. What is the calculated anion gap using Na − (Cl + HCO3)?

A. 52 mmol/L B. 20 mmol/L C. 260 mmol/L D. 4 mmol/L

Question 09 • Single best answer

What should unexpected acid-base compensation prompt?

A. Assume the calculation proves no illness B. Ignore the blood gas C. Consider a mixed disorder and the clinical context D. Treat every value as independent

Question 10 • Single best answer

What is the distinction between shifting and removing potassium?

A. They are always identical B. A cellular shift redistributes potassium without necessarily reducing body stores C. A shift always removes all potassium through urine D. Removal never changes body stores