Pharmacology Practice

20 learning units • 10 questions per unit • 200 explained questions

Module 16 — Antibacterial Drugs & Stewardship

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Question 01 • Single best answer

What is the main target of beta-lactam antibiotics?

A. Human insulin receptors B. Fungal ergosterol directly C. Viral reverse transcriptase D. Penicillin-binding proteins involved in cell-wall cross-linking

Question 02 • Single best answer

Why does a beta-lactamase inhibitor not overcome every beta-lactam resistance mechanism?

A. Every bacterium lacks a cell wall B. It converts the antibiotic into a vaccine C. Resistance only occurs in viruses D. Resistance may involve altered targets or entry as well as enzymes

Question 03 • Single best answer

Why is oral vancomycin unsuitable as a substitute for systemic therapy of a bloodstream infection?

A. It always destroys all red cells B. It is poorly absorbed from the gut under usual conditions C. It only activates platelets D. It has no antibacterial activity anywhere

Question 04 • Single best answer

Which antibacterial is inactivated by pulmonary surfactant?

A. Daptomycin B. Amoxicillin C. Doxycycline D. Azithromycin

Question 05 • Single best answer

Which toxicity pair is characteristic of aminoglycosides?

A. Cataract and iron deficiency in every patient B. Severe hypoglycemia and miosis C. Pure constipation without other risk D. Nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity

Question 06 • Single best answer

Which instruction is relevant to tetracycline absorption?

A. Check separation from polyvalent-cation products B. Take with any antacid to improve uptake C. Absorption is independent of every interaction D. Crush all modified-release products

Question 07 • Single best answer

Which drug is strongly associated with risk of C. difficile diarrhea?

A. A plain emollient B. Salbutamol C. Clindamycin D. Levothyroxine

Question 08 • Single best answer

What is the target of fluoroquinolones?

A. Bacterial DNA gyrase or topoisomerase IV B. Human muscarinic receptors C. Gastric proton pumps D. Platelet ADP receptors

Question 09 • Single best answer

How do trimethoprim and a sulfonamide work together?

A. Both block the same human opioid receptor B. Inhibit sequential folate synthesis steps C. Directly dissolve all bacterial membranes D. Neutralize gastric acid

Question 10 • Single best answer

Culture results permit a narrower effective antibiotic. What is the stewardship response?

A. Always add two broader antibiotics B. Review and de-escalate when clinically appropriate C. Ignore the infection site D. Continue indefinitely without review