Pharmacology Practice

20 learning units • 10 questions per unit • 200 explained questions

Module 09 — Renal Drugs, Fluids & Electrolytes

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Question 01 • Single best answer

Where does furosemide primarily act?

A. Collecting-duct V2 receptor B. Gastric H2 receptor C. Thick ascending limb Na-K-2Cl cotransporter D. Proximal glucose transporter only

Question 02 • Single best answer

Which drug class usually reduces urinary calcium excretion?

A. Loop diuretics B. Osmotic laxatives C. Beta-2 agonists D. Thiazide diuretics

Question 03 • Single best answer

Which is a potassium-sparing epithelial sodium-channel blocker?

A. Furosemide B. Hydrochlorothiazide C. Amiloride D. Acetazolamide

Question 04 • Single best answer

Which adverse effect is especially associated with spironolactone's endocrine activity?

A. Permanent deafness in every patient B. Gynecomastia C. Severe miosis D. Orange tears

Question 05 • Single best answer

Which acid-base change can acetazolamide produce?

A. Respiratory alkalosis from direct lung destruction B. Metabolic alkalosis through bicarbonate retention C. Metabolic acidosis from bicarbonate loss D. No possible acid-base effect

Question 06 • Single best answer

Which drug replaces deficient antidiuretic action in central diabetes insipidus?

A. Desmopressin B. Furosemide C. Mannitol D. Spironolactone

Question 07 • Single best answer

What is an important risk of excessive desmopressin effect?

A. Dilutional hyponatremia B. Obligatory hypernatremia C. Complete loss of all plasma proteins D. Severe hypercalcemia in every patient

Question 08 • Single best answer

What does intravenous calcium accomplish in severe hyperkalemia?

A. Removes potassium through urine directly B. Stabilizes cardiac membranes C. Shifts all potassium into bone D. Permanently corrects the underlying cause

Question 09 • Single best answer

How does insulin acutely lower extracellular potassium?

A. Promotes movement into cells B. Binds potassium in the bowel C. Directly filters potassium through glomeruli D. Converts potassium into sodium

Question 10 • Single best answer

Why is spironolactone plus an ACE inhibitor a monitoring concern?

A. Additive risk of hyperkalemia B. Guaranteed severe hypokalemia C. Loss of every antihypertensive effect D. Mandatory renal stone formation