ENT

20 learning units • 100 chapter sections • 200 explained questions. Assess ear, nose and throat symptoms, recognise urgent complications and plan safe treatment, referral and rehabilitation.

Original RAHBAR study material for the Year 4 learning pathway. Clinical cases support supervised undergraduate learning. Treatment choices, doses and procedures must follow current local protocols and the responsible clinical team. References & further reading ↓

MODULE 11 / 20

Epistaxis & Nasal Trauma

Control initial bleeding safely and identify septal or systemic complications.

Choose an answer and check it immediately. Change your choice to try again. This is a self-study exercise; results are not saved.

Question 01. What is appropriate first aid for a stable conscious patient with a nosebleed? A. Tilt the head back and swallow bloodB. Pinch only the bony bridge brieflyC. Lie flat without assessmentD. Lean forward and compress the soft nose continuously

Question 02. How long should initial continuous nasal compression usually last? A. One secondB. Until the first urge to check after a few secondsC. Several days without assessmentD. 10 to 15 minutes

Question 03. Which symptom during epistaxis increases urgency? A. Mild resolved itchB. Faintness or breathing difficultyC. Stable longstanding sneezingD. An unchanged spectacle prescription

Question 04. Why ask about anticoagulants? A. They influence bleeding risk and managementB. They prove the nose is structurally normalC. They must always be stopped by the patientD. They exclude the need for local control

Question 05. Who should perform nasal cautery or packing? A. Anyone using blind forceB. The patient without assessmentC. Appropriately trained clinicians using the local pathwayD. Only after every bleed lasts a month

Question 06. What may indicate septal haematoma after injury? A. New obstruction with soft septal swellingB. A completely normal septum and airflowC. Only a healed skin scratchD. Isolated earwax

Question 07. Can a septal haematoma occur when the external nose looks straight? A. NoB. Only after a visible open fractureC. Only with permanent blindnessD. Yes

Question 08. Why is prompt treatment of septal haematoma important? A. To correct every hearing problemB. To prevent presbyopiaC. To remove normal nasal hairD. To prevent cartilage damage and infection

Question 09. What should accompany discharge with a nasal pack? A. No follow-up if pain is mildB. Advice to leave it indefinitelyC. Monitoring and removal arrangementsD. Automatic cessation of all medicines

Question 10. Clear nasal fluid with neurological symptoms after trauma requires what? A. Routine allergy treatment aloneB. No action if the nose is straightC. Urgent assessment for associated head or skull-base injuryD. Nasal cautery without evaluation

0 / 10 answeredReady for assessment →

References & Further Reading

Read the relevant guideline sections alongside these original clinical teaching cases. Local pathways, available services and individual patient factors determine care.

Reference review: 28 September 2026. Consult current local protocols for prescribing, procedures and escalation.